Retinopathy of Prematurity is a disorder of the blood vessels of the retina (the light-sensitive part of the eye) that occurs in some premature babies. Although the exact incidence and prevalence of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Navi Mumbai is unknown, it is considered to be one of the leading causes of blindness in children.
Which infants are at risk for ROP?
Babies are at risk for ROP if they're born before 30 weeks of pregnancy or weigh less than about 3 pounds at birth. If your baby is at risk, an eye specialist will check them for ROP.
Who is predisposed to retinopathy of prematurity?
ROP can be mild and may resolve spontaneously, but it may lead to blindness in serious cases. Thus, all preterm babies are at risk for ROP, and very low birth weight is an additional risk factor. Both oxygen toxicity and relative hypoxia can contribute to the development of ROP.
Who is eligible for ROP screening?
Infants should be screened for ROP on the basis of birth weight (≤1500 g), gestational age (30 weeks or less), and risk for ROP (eg, infants with hypotension or those who received oxygen supplementation). Some at-risk infants with a birth weight from 1500 g to 2000 g should also be screened.
How can ROP be prevented?
A course of steroids, given to mothers likely to give birth prematurely, improves survival and reduces the complications of prematurity, including ROP. Antenatal steroids should be routine for mothers likely to give birth to a baby of less than 35 weeks gestation.
What is the prevention of ROP based on?
Gestational age at birth and birth weight -
The most effective way to reduce the incidence of ROP is to prevent preterm delivery. A 100 g increase in BW decreases the odds of severe ROP by 27%, and each week's increase in GA decreases the incidence of severe ROP by 19%.
At what stage is ROP treated?
Stage 3 is a strong predictor of severe ROP and a poor outcome. Stage 4. A partial retinal detachment. Treatment of progressive stage 4 ROP can preserve and improve visual outcomes by preventing stage 5 ROP.
What are the symptoms of ROP in the eye?
Severe and untreated ROP may cause some of the following symptoms:
- White pupils, called leukocoria.
- Abnormal eye movements are called nystagmus.
- Crossed eyes, called strabismus.
- Severe nearsightedness, called myopia.
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